Proyecto aula...Draft classroom Misión...Mission Poder...power Funcione...run Aprendido...learned Visión...vision Boleadora...shoeshine Certeza...certainty Lograremos...achieve Objetivo...purpose Investigación...investigation Conocer...know Boleadora de zapatos...shoeshine of shoes Beneficios...benefits Motor...engine Poleas...pulleys Bandas...bands Engranes...gear Adecuados...being Prototipo...prototype Delimitación...delimitation Planteamiento...Approach Problema...problem Desarrollar...develop Realizar...perform Marco teórico...Theoretical framework Conocer...know Antecedentes...Background Idea...idea Conceptos...consepts Elementos...elements Hipótesis...scenario Ángulos...angles Eje...axis Cepillo...brush Aluminio...aluminum Hierro...hiron Químico...chemist Metal de transición...transitional metal Corteza terrestre...Earth Crust Universo...universe Esponja...sponge Brillo...Brightness Grasa de zapatos...grease of shoes Limpieza...clean Motor de gasolina...gasolina engine Mezcla...mixed Funcionamiento...operation Válvula...valvle Cilindro...cylindre Admisión...admission Movimiento...movement Manivela...crank Aspiración...anspiration Compresión...compression Carrera de escape...career exhaust Carrera de trabajo...career work Motor diesel...diesel engine Motor de dos tiempos...two-stroke engine Diseño...design Mezcla de combustible...A mixture of fuel Sistema auxiliar...System Auxiliary Sencillez mecánica...Simple mechanics Fabricación barata...Manufacturing cheap Centro de gravedad...Center of Gravity Motor de carga estratificada...engine cargo stratified Bujía...Spark Plug Monóxido...monoxide Motor eléctrico...electric engine Máquina eléctrica rotativa...rotary electric machine Tipos de bandas...Types of bands Banda plana...Band flat Potencia motriz...Power driving Banda trapezoidal...keistore band Banda Trapezoidal Estándar...Band Keystone Standard Banda Trapezoidal Tipo “V”...Band Keystone type "V" Banda Trapezoidal Dentada...Band Keystone Barb Banda y poleas dentadas...toothed band and pulleys Tipos de cepillos...types of brushes Manivela...crack Cepillo para lustrar calzado o bolear...brush to shine shoes or bolear Tipos de cepillos según su forma...Types of brushes depending on their form Flecha...arrow Reducir tiempo...reduce time Reducir costo...reduce cost Mayor calidad...faster
BOLEADORA bowling machine BITACORA binnache ENGRANAJE angaging ENGRANE engage POLEA pulley MOTOR motor MOTORIZAR to motorize CAJA box ENSAMBLAR to ensamble DOTAR to endow ENERGIA energy CALIBRE caliber ECONOMIZAR to economize REDUCIR to reduce LUBRICANTE greace MADERAJE wooden framework MACHO male HEMBRA female
simple express habits he plays the present and costums do-does guitar S.+V.S.F.+C. the saturdays
present express action I`m writing continious specificmoment my S.+aux+verb+C. homework ing
simple did-do-does I drank soda past S.+verb+C. in the party past
continous was-wer luis was in the past S.+was+C movies yesterday wer
REPORT 4
REPASO DE LOS TEMAS ANTERIORES
simple express habits he plays the present and costums do-does guitar S.+V.S.F.+C. the saturdays
present express action I`m writing continious specificmoment my S.+aux+verb+C. homework ing
simple did-do-does I drank soda past S.+verb+C. in the party past
REPORT 5
future idiomatic I`m going to swim future a cancun S.+am+going to+VFS+C is are
gramatical she will run the future saturdays S.+will+VSF+C
present an action started I have perfect in the past and grown contimue in the three present centimetres S.+has+verbPP+C have
time since*fechas,days,years expression for *period of time already+*I have already visit egypt yet?-* have you finished yet? just+* rafael has just arrived never-* she has never been to vegas ever?* have you ever swim nakect in the laki
possession:(do-does)have I have a red car (have-has)have go I have got a red car
modal can lisa got tempe verbs: could ratur should she should take ought to some aspirins have to must
reflexive my self knives are pronouns: your self dangerous him self becouse children her self might cut them it self selves their selves our selves
REPORT 2
have to we use have to You must must/nt: to express rule wear a obligation or sealbelt duty we use must/nt You aren`t to express very a llowed strong advice to must can only be used in the present tense
houns cuantifers: contable contables we can the 1)one egg, uncontables: folliwing two egg houns beter 2)cheese uncontable butter houns to show salt quiatify conutable 3)a botle nouns are nouns of coke when we can count they have singular and plural forms
un contable nouns which we camnot count uncontable nouns have only singular forms include:food liquid
REPORT 3
Conditional: type zero I mix cause y effect yellow if+SPresent+Spresent whit blue I gret green type 1 if study,you l cause y result will pass the if+Spast+will+VSF exam
type 2 If I studied unreal present(hipotesis) I would If+SPast+would+VSF pass the could subject migh
type 3 If I hadn`t unreal past he would have if+PP+would+PP destroyed my could car might
possive Obj+verb.past+ the house voice: over participle+ is cleaned complement aux the house we form the passive was whit the verb to cleaned be and the past participle of the main verb
ENGLISH CLASS English report Name> Diaz Mendez Karla Patricia Date> August /11 -15 / 2008 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- simple past express actions that are finished took place in the past. exampl. i went to last japan vacation of 2008 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- verb to be give idea in present that what somebody is. exampl.you are pretty ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- simple present express habits and costoums when having 3 person we add an "s" to verb a does to auxilliary. exampl.i know something about you ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ENGLISH CLASS 1 Date>18-22/August/2008 Name>Diaz Mendez Karla Patricia Group>31ME
----------------------------------- Adjetives ed or ing verb of termination in ed or ing to senteces ed---->for persons ing---->for actions an things exampl. She is fasinated by the movie The hause is fasciniting -----------------------------------simple present
ENGLISH REPORT 4 date> 15-19/september/2008 name>Diaz Mendez Karla Patricia group>31ME ----------------------------------- How much how many
we use how much and huw many in questions.we use how much with un countable houns and how many with countable nouns in the plural. exampl.how much lemonade have you had? ----------------------------------- A few we use few(not many) a few(some, a small number)with countable nouno in the plural. exampl. we've got few apples we need to buy some
----------------------------------- A little We use little(not much)a little(some, a small amount) with unicountable nouns exampl. you must be quik you have little time
ENGLISH REPORT 5 Date>6-10/october/2008 Name>Diaz Mendez Karla Patricia. group>31ME
----------------------------------- CONDICIONALS
TYPE0 TYPE1 TYPE 2 TYPE 3 if+present. simpl- future simpl. if+present.simpl.imperative if+present.simple+can \must\+may\etc. bare infinitive if you work hard i you'\\wake it if you see him,gire my regards if you want,you may leave
we use type1 conditionals to express a real or very probable situacion in the present or the future if John studies in the present or the future ----------------------------------- Passive we form the passive with the verb to be and the past participle of the main verb present S. am\is\are+past p. past S.was\were+past p. the hause is cleaned the hause was cleaned.\ ----------------------------------- some, any,a,.an a lot. of.much,many,a few,a little
we use some in the affirmative with either countable nouns in the plural or uncantable nouns we need some strawberries and some milk
we use any in the negative and the interrogativeb with countable nouns there isn't any bread left
we use a\an in all forms (afirmative,negative and interrogative) with coither countable nouns in the plural or uncountable nouns she ha got a lot of books
We usually use much and many in the negative and the interrogative we use much with uncountable nouns and many with plural countable nouns i don't drint much coffee
ENGLISH REPORT 6 date>22-26/september/2008 name>Diaz Mendez Karla Patricia group>31ME
----------------------------------- reflexive pronouns myself yourself himself herself itself theirselves ourselves
helps to avoid the repetitive sentences he use the reflexive pronouns when the subject of the sentence acts and the result of his/her/its action affects him/her/it.
exampl.
knives are dangerous because children might cut themselves how did Mary burn herself? ----------------------------------- modal verbs can could should ought to have to must
express formal way in the sentences
exampl. she should take some aspirins. -----------------------------------
Active Voice In sentences written in active voice, the subject performs the action expressed in the verb; the subject acts.
exampl.active voice.The dispatcher is notifying police that three prisoners have escaped.
Police are being notified that three prisoners have escaped
we use must/nt to express a rule,obligation or duty. we use mustnt to express prohibition. we use must/nt to express very strong advice. must can only be used in the present tense . we use have to .to form all the other tenses.
you must wear a sea belt you arent allowed to its very important that you tell the truth. -----------------------------------
nouns
contables
uncontables
quantifiers-we can the following nouns before uncountables nouns the show quiatify.
countable -nouns are nouns which we can count.they have singular and plural forms.
uncountable-nouns are nouns which we cannot count .uncountable nouns have only singular forms include>food and liquids.
How? I am very happy I’m very happy You are a going to rock star You’re gonna a rock star
What? Reading strategies
Why? Son técnicas para facilitar la lectura y encontrar datos solicitados fácilmente. Y pueden ser: Skimming Scanning Intensive reading Extensive reading
How? Fast reading to get to general information. Search specific information. To get to general information (short texts). To get the complete information (long texts).
What? Prefixes and suffixes
Why? Silabas que se agregan al inicio o al término de alguna palabra para darle más o menos énfasis. Prefixes Word ex president im posible
What? Nouns and adverbs
Why? Se emplea para modificar una palabra con la misma derivación
How? Nouns Adjectives happyness Happy deepness Deep madness Mad
What? Pronouns
Why? Sustituir el nombre de la persona por alguno de estos pronombres. Los pronombre se clasifican en: Personal Adjectives Objectives Possesives Relatives Demostratives Reflexives
How? They are four people in the car. Her name is Ale. I love me. This airplane is mine. The man who sold the world. That is a dog.
What? Adjectives
Why? Palabras que califican a una acción u objeto y pueden ser: Qualifiying Comparatives Superlatives Equallity
How? The communication book is expensive; the chemist book is more expensive than communication book, because the book English is the most expensive. She as beautiful as me.
How? She eats at 5am every day. We live in Coacalco. I´m whas the car every Wednesday.
What? Past simple of the verb to be
Why? Use for actions which happened at the specific time in the past & past habits. The auxiliary is was/were The form is: :)+auxiliary+verb+complement.
How? Were they in airport at 6 pm? You was rest in the sofa. My father was wathed the TV. Its wasn't in the box.
What? Pas simple of regulars & irregulars verbs.
Why? Use for: -Express finished actions. -Actions complet in the past. -Actions which happened at the specific moment in the past- -Past habits. The auxiliary is DID by all. The form is: :)+past form of the past+complement.
How? Did we visit in y birthday? She sweeps all the house. Emily bougth the present for my.
What? Participles (Adjectives)
Why? A participle is a verb form which can be used as an adjective to describe a noun. . When the present participle (-ing from) is used, the noun it describes the performer of the activity named by the participle. -When the past participle (-ed, -en form) is used, the noun it describes is acted upon.
Reperter number: 3 August 25th, 2008
What? Simple Present
How? Express habits and costumes. The auxiliary is: Do & does Use time expressions: sometimes, never, rarely, seldom, often, usually, frequently, twice, every… The form is: + Subject + verb simple form+ complement. - Subject +auxiliary+ verb simple+ complement. ? Auxiliary +subject+ verb simple+ complement.
How? We run in the competition. I don´t eat in the school. Do you smell the cake?
What? Present continuous
Why? Express action in a specific moment. The auxiliary is: am, is, are. The form is: + person+ auxiliary+ verb ing+ complement. -person+ negative auxiliary +verb ing +complement. ? Auxiliary +person +verb ing +complement.
How? I’m doing my homework You aren’t helping Is she cooking bread?
What? Past continuous
Why? Express actions in a specific moment in the past. The form is: + person +auxiliary+ verb ing
Reporter number:4 September 1st, 2008
What? Expressions
Why? Use for express any emotions like sadness, happyness, angrer, surprice....
How? Crash my car? Don't ask¡ Oh dear¡ That's bad¡ Is a neigtmare¡
What? Situation to describe
What? Idiomatic future
How? Plans, intentions, logical assumtions, arrangements, inmediatly future. Use going to, the form is: (+) Am, is, are+:)+going to+ compl. (-):)+ am, is, are+not+going to+com (?)am, is,are+:)going to+VSF+compl.
How? I´m going to my mother after the school. They aren't going to the travel Are we going to eat in restaurant?
What? Gramatical future
Why? Use for promises, predictions, faraway future, to make destion in the moment of speaking. The auxiliary is: WILL by all forms The forms is: (+) :)+will+ VSF+complement. (-) :)+will+not+VSF+complemet. (?) will+:)+VSF+complement+?.
How? She will sejj the new car. He will not sing in my party. Will they build my home?
Why? An action started in the past an continue in the present. Use words: SINCE,FOR, ALREADY (+), YET (?/-), JUST (+), NEVER (-), EVER (?). The form is: (+):)+have, has+ VPP+complement. (-):)+have,has+not+VPP+ complement (?)has, have+:)+VPP+ complement+?
How? Emmanuel has studied english since 2006. Has you written the book? We already tlaveled Huatulco. Alejandra hasn't flown to Millan. We have never driven to Mexico? Have I ever run?
What? Either and neither
Why? Either and Neither are used with an auxiliary or modal verb to express agreement in the negative.Either is used with a negative verb; Neither is used with an affirmative verb.
How? She can't swim and I can't swim. She can't swim and I can't either. She can't swim and neither can I.
Reporter: 6 September 22nd, 2008
What? Tag questions or tag endings
Why? We use tag questions at the end of statements to ask for confirmation. The form is: Positive statement, negative tag?
Negative statement, positive tag?
How? He is a busy man, isn't he? They aren't good friends, are they?
What? Past coninuous
Why? Use for: An action which was in progress at the stated time in the past. For a past action which was in progress when another action iterruped. For two or more actions which were happening at the same time in the past. The form is: :)+was, were+ verb ing+ complement
How? David was reading the newspaper while Carla was watching TV. She was cooking dinner when the doorbell rang.
What? Present perfect simple.
Why? We use the present perfect simple for: Arecent action wich happened at an unstates time ein the past. An action started in the past and is still continuing in the present. An action finished an whose results are visible in the present.
How? Mary has just moved into a new house. I have walked to the school. The chocolate cake he has made is on the table.
Report: 7
September 29th, 2008
What? Present perfect continous.
Why? Put emphasis on the duration of an action started in the past and continous in the present.
How? I have been shoting. She has been eatin chcolate all morning.
What? Possession
Why? Have (do/does) Have got (have/has)
How? I have a pink drees. I don't have a pink drees. I have got a pink drees. I haven't got a pink drees.
Report: 8
November 6th, 2008
What? Modal verbs
Why? Can -------puedo Could------podrias Should-----deberias(E.U.)suggestion Ought to---deberias(U.K.)suggestion Have to----tienes que obligation Must-------debes strong obligation
How? You mustn't parking any time. She should see a doctor. He have to drink whater.
What? Advices
Why? Sentenses for recomendations and advices.
How? You shoudn't leave opened hot ovens to the children because they might get cut.
WHAT? WHY? HOW? Contractions Sirve para contraer palabras, para no escribirlas todas completas o no escribir. I am - I´m Do not - don´t
Preffixes and sufíes Sirven para cambiar el significado de las palabras, los prefijos son los que van antes de la palabra y los sufijos van despues. Im-possible-ly Happy-ly
Pronuns Hay distintos tipos de pronombres los cuales son: personal, adjetives, objetives, possessive, relatives, demostratives y reflexives. Cada uno tiene una funcion distinta porque como lo dicen son para indicar la posesion de alguna cosa, otros se refieren a ti, etc. I, you, he, she, it, you, we, they. My, your, his, her, its, your, our, their. Me, you, him, her, it, you, us, them. Mine, yours, his, her, its, yours, ours, theirs. Who, whom, whose, which. This, that, these, those. My self, your self, herself, himself, itself, yourselves.
Adjetives Existen varios tipos de adjetivos, se encuentran los qualiflying, comparatives, superlatives, equality. Cada uno se refiere a calificar algo o a alguien pero unos son par describir, otros son para comparar, otros indican igualdad y otros son para decir quien o que es. Tall - taller - tallest - as tall as
Reading strategies Skiming: Es una lectura rapida para una idea general de la informacion. Scanning: Buscar la información especifica. Intensive reading: Tener la idea general de textos cortos.
Verb to be Significa ser o estar, se ocupa con r¡este verbo now, today, etc. Como times expresions puesto que estas indican que se esta hablando de presente. Su formula para hacer oraciones es: Subject+ am/is/are+ complement She is beutiful She isn´t beutiful Is she beautiful?
Do/does Este auxiliar se ocupa para todos los verbos excepto para el verbo to be cuando se quiere hablar en presente, expresa habitos y costumbres. Una regla gramatical es que cuando se conjuga el verbo en tercera persona se le agrega una “s” al final del afirmativo. “Does” se ocupa con he, she, it y con todos los demas se ocupa “do”. Su formula gramatical es: Subject+ verb+ complement He plays the piano He doesn´t play the piano Does he play the piano?
Verb to be (past) El auxiliar del verbo to be para hablar en pasado es “was/were” y se ocupa yesterday, last holiday, last year, etc. Como time expresions para saber que se esta hablando del pasado. Su formula gramatical es: Subject+ was/were+ complement. Jonathan was in the movies yesterday. He wasn´t in the movies yesterday. Was he in the movies yesterday?
Simple past Este auxiliar expresa acciones determinadas, pasadas y se utiliza con todos los verbos excepto to be. El auxiliar que se ocupa es “did” para todos los sustantivos. Su formula gramtical es: Subject+ verb+ complement Alan watched TV on saturday. Alan didn´t watch TV on saturday. Did Alan watch TV on saturday?
Participles Los adjetivos con terminación “ed” son para calificar y describir a personas. Los adjetivos con terminacion “ing” son para calificar o describir cosas, lugares, etc. Amusing/ amused Excited/ exciting Tired/ tiring
Used to Significa solia, su formula es: Used to+ verb en simple form + complement. Rafael used to drink milk every time.
Present continuos Expresa acciones que se estan realizando en este preciso momento. Su auxiliar es am, is, are. Se usa el now, rightnow, a this momento como time expresions en este tiempo. Su forma gramatical es: subject + aux.+ verb Brian is studing in the school. Brian isn´t studing in the school. Is Brian studing in the school?
Past continuos Expresa acciones pasadas que ocurrieron en un especifico momento. Su auxiliar es was/were. Su forma gramatical es: Subject+ was/were+ verb ing+ complement He was sleeping in the night. He wasn´t sleeping in the night.
Idiomatic future Es el “going to” y ese sirve para hablar de planes o cosas del futuro pero de un futuro inmediato y que se sabe con certeza que van a suceder las cosas. Su forma gramatical es: Subject+ am/is/are+ going to+ verb simple form + complemento I am going to dance in the party in the night. I am not going to dance in the party in the night
Gramatical future Es el auxiliar “will” y ese se ocupa para promesas, predicciones, para hablar de futuro lejano y no es con certeza. Su forma gramatical es: Subject+ will+ verb simple form+ complemento. I will dance in my bridal. I won´t dance in my bridal. Will I dance in my bridal?
Present perfect Es para acciones que pasaron en el futuro y que siguen pasando en el presente. Sus time expresions son: for, since,already, yet, just, never, ever. Su forma gramatical es: subject+ have/has+ verb past participle+ complement. I have already finí sed my homework. Karen hasn´t eaten for 3 hours.
Time expressions of present perfect For: es para periodos del tiempo. Since: fechas, dias, meses especificos. Already: Significa “ya” y se utiliza en oraciones positivas. Yet: Significa “aun” o “todavía no” se ocupa en oraciones negativas y de interrogacion. Brian has just CUT the paper. Have you ever cooked mole? I hasn´t kissed to my boyfriend since june of 2007.
Neither and either Neither significa tampoco. Either significa tambien. I haven´t finí sed it neither. Have you finished yet?
Tag questions Son las preguntas u oraciones que se hacen y que siempre terminan en si o no ejemplo: ¿tu eres mi alumno, o no? Para este ti`po de oraciones se pueden ocupar todos los auxiliares (do, does, did, have, has, will, going to) y los modal verbs (can, could, should, may, have to, must, etc) Are you Rafael, aren´t you?
It was also heavy yesterday, wasn´t it?
Posession Sirve para decir que tenemos algo. (Do/ does)- have Have got I have a red car I have got a red car
Modal verbs Sirven para hacer oraciones y se ocupan de acuerdo a lo que quieres expresar o la forma a la que quieres expresar algo. Can, could, should, ought to, have to, must. Lisa´s should take on aspirin and should stay in the bed.
Bill´s must stay in doors.
Interjection Sirven para expresarte de forma imperativa o de impresión. Oh my god! Yeah, yeah! Dear me!
Nouns contables and uncontables Las cosa se pueden contar o no contar y eso lo podemos saber con este tema. Para hablar de cosas contables se ocupa el “many” y para las cosas incontables se utiliza el “much” Fruits, animals, people, coins, etc Water, sugar, salt, coffee, etc.
May and might Sirve para pedir permiso para hacer algo. May se refiere cuando tienes un 50% de posibilidad mientras que might tiene una posibilidad del 85%. Knives are dangerous because children might cut them selves.
Infinitives Expresan propuestas To + verb simple forrm I study to learn I am careful to prevent accidents.
Passive voice Sirven para hablar de las cosas. obj.+verb to be aux.+ complement Jordy writes the report The report is written by Jordy.
Conditionals Hay varios tipos de condiciones y cada una expresa algo distinto. Tipo cero: es para causa y efecto If+ simple present +simple present Tipo 1: es para causa y resultado If+simple present+will+simple form verb Tipo 2: Algo en presente pero que no es real esto habla de hipótesis If + simple past + would/ could/ might + verb simple form Tipo 3: se ocupa para hablar de cosas que no fueron reales ( pasado) If + past perfect + would/ could/ might + present perfect If I mix yellow with blue, I get green.
If study, you will pass the exam
If I were you, I would pay attention
If I hadn´t invited him, he wouldn´t have destroyed my car.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Adjetives ed or ing verb of termination in ed or ing to senteces ed---->for persons ing---->for actions an things exampl. She is fasinated by the movie The hause is fasciniting ------------------------------------------------------------------------ simple present
express habits and costums exampl. i run in the street i dont eat in my house ------------------------------------------------------------------------- time expresions
to simple present and present continuos express time of the actions
indicate the possession of some one and are colocated in the ending of the clause,
exampl.the race is all yours --------- How much how many
we use how much and huw many in questions.we use how much with un countable houns and how many with countable nouns in the plural. exampl.how much lemonade have you had? ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A few we use few(not many) a few(some, a small number)with countable nouno in the plural. exampl. we've got few apples we need to buy some
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A little We use little(not much)a little(some, a small amount) with unicountable nouns exampl. you must be quik you have little time ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CONDICIONALS
TYPE0 TYPE1 TYPE 2 TYPE 3 if+present. simpl- future simpl. if+present.simpl.imperative if+present.simple+can \must\+may\etc. bare infinitive if you work hard i you'\\wake it if you see him,gire my regards if you want,you may leave
we use type1 conditionals to express a real or very probable situacion in the present or the future if John studies in the present or the future ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Passive we form the passive with the verb to be and the past participle of the main verb present S. am\is\are+past p. past S.was\were+past p. the hause is cleaned the hause was cleaned.\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- some, any,a,.an a lot. of.much,many,a few,a little
we use some in the affirmative with either countable nouns in the plural or uncantable nouns we need some strawberries and some milk
we use any in the negative and the interrogativeb with countable nouns there isn't any bread left
we use a\an in all forms (afirmative,negative and interrogative) with coither countable nouns in the plural or uncountable nouns she ha got a lot of books
We usually use much and many in the negative and the interrogative we use much with uncountable nouns and many with plural countable nouns i don't drint much coffee ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- reflexive pronouns myself yourself himself herself itself theirselves ourselves
helps to avoid the repetitive sentences he use the reflexive pronouns when the subject of the sentence acts and the result of his/her/its action affects him/her/it.
exampl.
knives are dangerous because children might cut themselves how did Mary burn herself? --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- modal verbs can could should ought to have to must
express formal way in the sentences
exampl. she should take some aspirins. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Active Voice In sentences written in active voice, the subject performs the action expressed in the verb; the subject acts.
exampl.active voice.The dispatcher is notifying police that three prisoners have escaped.
Police are being notified that three prisoners have escaped heve t0------->must/nt
we use must/nt to express a rule,obligation or duty. we use mustnt to express prohibition. we use must/nt to express very strong advice. must can only be used in the present tense . we use have to .to form all the other tenses.
you must wear a sea belt you arent allowed to its very important that you tell the truth. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nouns
contables
uncontables
quantifiers-we can the following nouns before uncountables nouns the show quiatify.
countable -nouns are nouns which we can count.they have singular and plural forms.
uncountable-nouns are nouns which we cannot count .uncountable nouns have only singular forms include>food and liquids.
What? Idiomatic Future (going to) Why? Express: Plans Intentions Logical Arrangements How? I’m going to sleep in the night. I’m going to eat after the school. The cat is going to rest.
What? Reading strategies Why? Son técnicas para facilitar la lectura y encontrar datos solicitados fácilmente. Tecnic´s: Skimming Scanning Intensive reading Extensive reading How? Fast reading to get to general information. Search specific information. To get to general information (short texts). To get the complete information (long texts).
What? Prefixes and suffixes Why? Silabas que se agregan al inicio o al término de alguna palabra para darle más o menos énfasis. Prefixes Word expresident imposible
What? Nouns and adverbs Why? Se emplea para modificar una palabra con la misma derivación How? Nouns Adjectives happyness Happy deepness Deep madness Mad
What? Pronouns Why? Sustituir el nombre de la persona por alguno de estos pronombres. Los pronombre se clasifican en: Personal Adjectives Objectives Possesives Relatives Demostratives Reflexives How? They are four people in the car. Her name is Ale. I love me. This airplane is mine. The man who sold the world. That is a dog.
What? Adjectives Why? Palabras que califican a una acción u objeto y pueden ser: Qualifiying Comparatives Superlatives Equallity How? The communication book is expensive; the chemist book is more expensive than communication book, because the book English is the most expensive. She as beautiful as me.
What? Cognates Why? Son palabras similares al español y pueden ser: Falsas Verdadera Idénticas How? Introduce, parents, translate, date, balloon. Family, copy, text, guitar, class, evaluation
What? Contractions Why? Diminish words or pronouns How? I am very happy I’m very happy You are a going to rock star You’re gonna a rock star
What? Simple present Why? Express habits, costums, rutines & permanentes status. Auxiliary it's do/does :)+auxiliar+verb+complement. How? He plays the video games. He doesn´t play the video games. Does he play the video games?
What? Past simple Why? Use for actions which happened at the specific time in the past & past habits. The auxiliary is was/were The form is: :)+auxiliar+verb+complement. How? Were they in airport at 6 pm? You was rest in the sofa.
What? Past simple (regulars & irregulars verbs) Why? Use for: Express finished actions. Actions complet in the past. Actions which happened at the specific moment in the past- Past habits. The auxiliary is DID by all. The form is: :)+past form +complement. How? He played soccer Thursday. He didn´t play soccer on Thursday. Did he play soccer on Thursday?
What? Participles (Adjectives) Why? A participle is a verb form which can be used as an adjective to describe a noun. When the present participle (-ing from) is used, the noun it describes the performer of the activity named by the participle. When the past participle (-ed, -en form) is used, the noun it describes is acted upon.
What? Present continuous Why? Express action in a specific moment. The auxiliary is: am, is, are. The form is: + person+ auxiliar+ verb ing+ complement. -person+ negative auxiliar +verb ing +complement. ? Auxiliar +person +verb ing +complement. How? I’m doing my homework You aren’t helping Is she cooking bread?
What? Past continuous Why? Express actions in a specific moment in the past. The form is: + person +auxiliary+ verb ing
What? Simple Present How? Express habits and costumes. The auxiliary is: Do & does Use time expressions: sometimes, never, rarely, seldom, often, usually, frequently, twice, every… The form is: + Subject + verb simple form+ complement. - Subject +auxiliary+ verb simple+ complement. ? Auxiliary +subject+ verb simple+ complement. How? We run in the competition. I don´t eat in the school. Do you smell the cake?
What? Gramatical future Why? Use for promises, predictions, faraway future, to make destion in the moment of speaking. The auxiliary is: WILL by all forms The forms is: (+) :)+will+ VSF+complement. (-) :) +will+not+VSF+complemet. (?) Will+VSF+complement+?. How? She will sejj the new car. He will not sing in my party. Will they build my home?
What? Expressions Why? Use for express any emotions like sadness, happyness, angrer, surprice.... How? Crash my car? Don't ask¡ Oh dear¡ That's bad¡ Is a neigtmare¡
What? Present perfect Why? An action started in the past an continue in the present. Use words: SINCE,FOR, ALREADY (+), YET (?/-), JUST (+), NEVER (-), EVER (?). The form is: (+):)+have, has+ VPP+complement. (-):)+have,has+not+VPP+ complement (?)has, have+:)+VPP+ complement+? How? Carlos has studied english since 2006. Has you written the book? We already tlaveled Acapulco.
What? Either and neither Why? Either and Neither are used with an auxiliary or modal verb to express agreement in the negative. Either is used with a negative verb; Neither is used with an affirmative verb. How? She can't swim and I can't swim. She can't swim and I can't either. She can't swim and neither can I.
What? Present perfect simple. Why? We use the present perfect simple for: Arecent action wich happened at an unstates time ein the past. An action started in the past and is still continuing in the present. An action finished an whose results are visible in the present. How? Mary has just moved into a new house. I have walked to the school. The chocolate cake he has made is on the table.
What? Past coninuous Why? Use for: An action which was in progress at the stated time in the past. For a past action which was in progress when another action iterruped. For two or more actions which were happening at the same time in the past. The form is: :)+was, were+ verb ing+ complement How? David was reading the newspaper while Carla was watching TV. She was cooking dinner when the doorbell rang.
What? Tag questions or tag endings Why? We use tag questions at the end of statements to ask for confirmation. The form is: Positive statement, negative tag? Negative statement, positive tag? How? He is a busy man, isn't he? They aren't good friends, are they?
What? Present perfect continous. Why? Put emphasis on the duration of an action started in the past and continous in the present. How? I have been shoting. She has been eatin chcolate all morning.
What? Modal verbs Why? Can-puedo Could-podrias Should-deberias(E.U.)suggestion Ought to-deberias(U.K.)suggestion Have to-tienes que obligation Must-debes strong obligation How? You mustn't park any time. She should see a doctor. He has to drink water.
What? Advices Why? Sentences for recommendations and advices. How? You shoudn't leave opened hot ovens to the children because they might get cut. You mustn't cut the trees and plants.
What? Possession Why? Have (do/does) Have got (have/has) How? I have a pink drees. I haven't got a pink drees.
PRESENT CONTINUES Expresses action in a especific moment. Aux:am, is, are (+)sujeto+aux+verb ing+complement (-)sujeto+aux negative+verb ing+complement (?)aux+sujeto+verb ing+complement? Time xpresions:now, a this moment, right now
SIMPLE PAST aux: Did Expresses finished actions (+)sujeto +verb past+complement (-)sujeto+didn´t+verb present+complment (?)did+sujeto+verb present+complement? Time expresions:yesterday last week last day
PAST CONTINIUS aux:was/were Expresses a action in the past in a specific moment (+)sujeto+was/were+verb ing+complement (-)sujeto+aux negative+verb ing+complement (?)was/were+sujeto+verb ing+complement? Time expresions:while, when
IDIOMATIC FUTURE aux:going to expresses plans, intentions, logical asimptions, arrangement (+)sujeto+am, is, are+going to+verb simple+complment (-)sujeto+am not,isn´t, aren´t+going to+verb simple+complement (?)am, is, are+sujeto+going to+verb simple+complement?
PRESENT PERFECT Expresses an action that started in the past and continues in the present aux:have, has (+)sujeto+aux+verb past participie+complement (-)sujeto+aux+not+verb past participie+complement (?)aux+sijeto+verb past participie+complement Time Expresions: sibce, for, already, yet, just, never, ever
PASSIVE VOICE objet+verb to be aux+past participie verb+complement
CONDITIONAL Type zero:cause and effect IF+simple present+simple present
Type 1:cause and result IF+simple present+will+verb normal form
Type 2:unreal present IF+simple past+would, could, might+verb simple form
Type 3:unreal past IF+past perfect+would+could+might+present perfect
*have to- expresa un deber que no es obligatorio. You have to clean your romm
*must- expresa una obligacion que se debe llevara cabo de forma obligatoria. You must to buy a car.
*nouns contables- son los sustantivos que se pueden contar como los huevos, las salchichas, las vacas, etc.
*nouns uncontables-son los sustantivos que no se pueden contar , como el agua, el azucar, el cafe, etc.
*reflexive pronouns- estos son myself, yourself, himself, herself, itselft, ourselves, themselfs y se usan para indicar una accion echa por uno mismo. I cleaned the house by myself.
*modal verbs can, could, should, ought to- se usan para expresar sugerencias de una manera "formal" . He should clean his room.
*Condicionals Type 0- if+simple present+context- future simpl. Expresa una causa y efecto (como en experimentos) Type 1- if+simple present+will+verb in infinitive form. Expresa causa y resultado Type 2- if+simple present+\would\could\might\+verb in simple form. Expresa una hipotesis Type 3- if+past perfect+\would\could\might\+have+complement. ExpresaExpresa un pasado irreal
*How much- se usa para preguntar con sustantivos incontables
*How many- se usa para preguntar con sustantivos contables
*A few-many-any- se usan para indicar cantidad en sustantivos contables.
*Much-litle-some- se usan para indicar cantidad en sustantivos incontables.
*May- se usa para pedir permiso son una posibilidad del 50% que sea efectivo
*Might- se usa para pedir permiso son una posibilidad del 85% que sea efectivo
*Demostrative pronouns- se usan para indicar un objeto que esta a una cierta distancia.This,that,these,those
*Posessive pronouns- indican que un objeto es propiedad de un quien-mine,yours,his,her,its,ours,yours,theirs
*ING- significa ando, iendo, endo y se le agrega al final de los verbos. Estoy Jugando-I´m playing
*Going to- se usa para indicar promesas o cosas a realizar cercanas. I´m goint to buy a car
*Will- indica un futuro incierto. I will work
*Used to- seignifica solia, se usa para expresar acciones que se realizaban tiempo atras y ya no se hacen. I used to play soccer.
*Simple past- indica aciones termiandas. I worked
*Participios- son los verbos con terminacion edo, ido, ado, se usan comunmente en tiempos perfectos, aunque tiene otros usos.
*Present continuos- una accion que se esta llevando acabo. I´m woking
*Past continuos- expresa una accion que se estaba llevando a cabo. I was working.
*Present perfect- indica una accion que empezo en el pasado y continua en el presente. I have washed the dishes
*Since- expresa fechas especificas. I played soccer since 200
*For- indica periodos de tiempo como dias o meses
*Interjection- son expresiones de asombro, como: Oh, my God!, Ahh!, Ohhh!
*Passive voice- basicamente no importa quien lo hizo, sino que es lo que se hizo. obj+auxiliar verb "to be"+verb in participe form+complement.
*Alredy- significa ya y se usa antes del verbo principal y despues de formas del verbo be
*Yet- significa aun o todavia y se usa en oraciones negativas y en preguntas
JORGE MAURICIO DIAZ BARRETO 1QBT1 Hello teacher...aqui esta mi trabajo I like to burn in a day I like getting up to go to school and do my homework exercises and have breakfast with my college buddies and chat with them and have fun. I come home and eat but it's too late to do homework even so I hurry to have time out for me and my family Sometimes I go to play football with my friends at my house until late and finally I get home I eat dinner and go to sleep to rest after a very tiring day
33 comentarios:
PROYECTO AULA
DE: ALAMO GRANADOS ROBERTO MICHELL
VOCABULARIO (VOCABULARY):
1.-BOLEADORA:SHOESHINE
2.-ZAPATOS:SHOES
3.-ANGULO:ANGLE
4.-MOTOR:MOTOR
5.-ENGRANE:GEAR
6.-CEPILLO:BRUSH
7.-LIMPIEZA RAPIDA:FAST CLEANING
8.-EFICAZ:EFFECTIVE
9.-SUCIO:DIRTY
Gonzales Osorio Ruben
Leon Garcia Rafael
Perez Rodriguez Victoria
Torres Estrada Ricardo Emmanuel
Shoes-zapatos
Boleadora------------ entagler
Motor---------------- motor
Máquina-------------- machine
Mecánico------------- mechanical
Combustión----------- combustion
Velocidad------------ velocity
Potencia------------- potency
Combustible---------- fuel
Electricidad--------- electricity
Flechas-------------- arrow
Polea---------------- pulley
Mecanismo------------ mechanism
Eje------------------ Shaft
Banda---------------- ribbon
Cadena- ------------- chain
Voltímetro----------- voltmeter
Manivela------------- crank
Engrane-------------- mesh
Motor---------------- motor, engine
Motor de reacción---- jet engine
M. combustion interna-internal combustion engine
Potencia------------- potency, power
Flecha--------------- arrow
Polea---------------- pulley, tackle-block
Eje------------------ shaft, spindle, axis
Banda---------------- ribbon, band
Mecánica------------- mechanics
Zapatos-------------- shoes
Manivela------------- crank
Combustible---------- fuel, combustible
Boleadora------------ lasso with balls
Madera--------------- wood
Metal---------------- metal
Fuerza--------------- force
Rendimiento---------- output, efficiency
DE:RIVAS DE LA CRUZ DANIEL
VOCABULARIO (VOCABULARY)...
BOLEADORA:SHOESHINE
MOTOR:MOTOR
EFICAZ:EFFECTIVE
ENGRANE:GEAR
COMBUSTIBLE:FUEL
MAQUINA:MACHINE
MECANICO:MECHANICAL
BANDA:RIBBON
MADERA:WOOD
MANIVELA:CRANK
EJE:SHAFT
SUCIO:DIRTY
CEPILLO:BRUSH
CADENA:CHAIN
POTENCIA:POWER
Boleadora-entagler
Banda-ribbon
Engrane-mesh
Máquina- machine
Mecánico- mechanical
Banda-ribbon, band M.
combustion interna-internal combustion
Motor-motor
Manivela- Crank
Voltímetro- voltmeter
Mecanismo-mechanism
Eje-Shaft
Cadena- chain
Flecha- arrow
Combustión-- combustion
Potencia- potency, power
Electricidad- electricity
Flechas-arrow
Polea- pulley
Motor de reacción- jet Enghien
Polea- pulley, tackle-block
Eje- shaft, spindle, axis
Velocidad- velocity
Potencia- potency
Combustible- fuel
Motor- motor, engine
De: Ana Karen GOnzalez de la Rosa
Proyecto aula...Draft classroom
Misión...Mission
Poder...power
Funcione...run
Aprendido...learned
Visión...vision
Boleadora...shoeshine
Certeza...certainty
Lograremos...achieve
Objetivo...purpose
Investigación...investigation
Conocer...know
Boleadora de zapatos...shoeshine of shoes
Beneficios...benefits
Motor...engine
Poleas...pulleys
Bandas...bands
Engranes...gear
Adecuados...being
Prototipo...prototype
Delimitación...delimitation
Planteamiento...Approach
Problema...problem
Desarrollar...develop
Realizar...perform
Marco teórico...Theoretical framework
Conocer...know
Antecedentes...Background
Idea...idea
Conceptos...consepts
Elementos...elements
Hipótesis...scenario
Ángulos...angles
Eje...axis
Cepillo...brush
Aluminio...aluminum
Hierro...hiron
Químico...chemist
Metal de transición...transitional metal
Corteza terrestre...Earth Crust
Universo...universe
Esponja...sponge
Brillo...Brightness
Grasa de zapatos...grease of shoes
Limpieza...clean
Motor de gasolina...gasolina engine
Mezcla...mixed
Funcionamiento...operation
Válvula...valvle
Cilindro...cylindre
Admisión...admission
Movimiento...movement
Manivela...crank
Aspiración...anspiration
Compresión...compression
Carrera de escape...career exhaust
Carrera de trabajo...career work
Motor diesel...diesel engine
Motor de dos tiempos...two-stroke engine
Diseño...design
Mezcla de combustible...A mixture of fuel
Sistema auxiliar...System Auxiliary
Sencillez mecánica...Simple mechanics
Fabricación barata...Manufacturing cheap
Centro de gravedad...Center of Gravity
Motor de carga estratificada...engine cargo stratified
Bujía...Spark Plug
Monóxido...monoxide
Motor eléctrico...electric engine
Máquina eléctrica rotativa...rotary electric machine
Tipos de bandas...Types of bands
Banda plana...Band flat
Potencia motriz...Power driving
Banda trapezoidal...keistore band
Banda Trapezoidal Estándar...Band Keystone Standard
Banda Trapezoidal Tipo “V”...Band Keystone type "V"
Banda Trapezoidal Dentada...Band Keystone Barb
Banda y poleas dentadas...toothed band and pulleys
Tipos de cepillos...types of brushes
Manivela...crack
Cepillo para lustrar calzado o bolear...brush to shine shoes or bolear
Tipos de cepillos según su forma...Types of brushes depending on their form
Flecha...arrow
Reducir tiempo...reduce time
Reducir costo...reduce cost
Mayor calidad...faster
Proyect classroom
from:Diaz Mendez Karla Patricia
Celula no.1
Carretero Olguin Daniel Eduardo
Licea Falcon Andrea
Ramirez Lopez Abraham
Uribe Martinez Miguel Angel
Perno - Fastener
Tornillo - Screw
Tuercas - Nuts
Espárragos - Asparaguses
Arandela - Washer
Engranes - Gear
Anillos - Rings
Cuñas -Wedges
Chavetas - Cotters
Resortes - Springs
Muelles - Jetties
Remaches - Rivet
Cadena - Chain
Poleas - Pulleys
Zapato - Shoe
Grasa - Fat
Bandas - Bands
Transmisiones - Transmissions
Funcionamiento - Operation
Ventajas - Advantages
Desventajas - Disadvantages
Utilidades - Utilities
Grasa para zapatos-Fat for shoes
Suela -Soles
Broca -Drill
Revoluciones- Revolutions
Flecha -Arrow
Potencia Power
Potenciómetro Potentiometer
Cable Cable
Corriente Stream
Tinta Ink
Rodillo Roller
Fusible Fuse
Voltaje Voltage
Mecánico Mechanical
Correa Leash
Leva Leva
Acero Steel
Madera Wood
Específicamente Specifically
Pieza Piece
Trabajo Work
Boleadora Boleadoras
Hilo Thread
Helicoidal Helical
Recto Straight
Energía cinética Cinética energy
Energía potencial Potential energy
Tiempo Time
Velocidad Speed
Metal Metal
Ordoñez Guadarrama Jacqueline
VOCABULARY
AULA PROJECT
BOLEADORA bowling machine
BITACORA binnache
ENGRANAJE angaging
ENGRANE engage
POLEA pulley
MOTOR motor
MOTORIZAR to motorize
CAJA box
ENSAMBLAR to ensamble
DOTAR to endow
ENERGIA energy
CALIBRE caliber
ECONOMIZAR to economize
REDUCIR to reduce
LUBRICANTE greace
MADERAJE wooden framework
MACHO male
HEMBRA female
FARELAS AGUILAR CHRISTIAN
PROYECT CLASSROOM
SHOESHINE OF SHOES
BOLEADORA:Shoeshide
MOTOR:Motor
EFICAZ:Effective
ENGRANE:Gear
Perno:Fastener
Tornillo:Screw
Tuercas:Nuts
Espárragos:Asparaguses
Arandela:Washer
Engranes:Gear
Anillos:Rings
Cuñas:Wedges
Pieza:Piece
Trabajo:Work
MAQUINA:Machine
MECANICA:Mechanical
BANDA:Ribbon
MADERA:Wood
EJE:Shaft
SUCIO:Dirty
CEPILLO:Brush
Funcionamiento:Operation
Ventajas:Advantages
Desventajas:Disadvantages
Utilidades:Utilities
Grasa para zapatos:Fat for shoes
Suela:Soles
Broca:Drill
Revoluciones:Revolutions
Flecha:Arrow
Potencia:Power
Potenciómetro:Potentiometer
Cable:Cable
Corriente:Stream
Tinta:Ink
Rodillo:Roller
Fusible:Fuse
Voltaje:Voltage
Aluminio:aluminum
Hierro:hiron
Químico:chemist
Metal de transición:transitional metal
Corteza terrestre:Earth Crust
Universo:universe
Esponja:sponge
Brillo:Brightness
ZAPATOS:Shoes
ANGULO:Angle
CADENA:Chain
POTENCIA:Power
Helicoidal:Helical
Recto:Straight
Energía cinética:Cinética energy
Energía potencial:Potential energy
Tiempo:Time
Velocidad:Speed
Metal:Metal
Chavetas:Cotters
Resortes:Springs
Muelles:Jetties
Remaches:Rivet
Correa:Leash
Leva:Leva
Acero:Steel
Madera:Wood
Lopez Garcia Jorge
polea:pulley
motor:motor
boleadora:bowling machine, shoeshine
economizar:to economize
reducir:to reduce
cepillo:brush
banda:ribbon, band
eje:shaft
metal:metal
perno:fastener
tornillo:screw
tuercas:nuts
espárragos:asparaguses
arandela:washer
Pantoja Arriaga Maribel Cruz
Murillo Vazquez Marco Antonio
Espinoza Flores Miguel Angel
PROYECTO AULA
(VOCABULARY)
boleadora.........shoeshine
zapatos...........shoes
motor.............engine
banda.............ribbon
polea.............pulley
engrane...........gear
cepillo...........brush
tinta.............ink
eje...............shaft
maquina...........machine
metal.............metal
metro.............meter
tornillo..........screw
tuerca............nut
rondana...........Washer
herramientas......tools
fuerza............force
pila..............syack
bateria...........batery
hierro............iron
conecciones.......Conección
cables............cable
coneccion.........connection
correa............leash
soldadura.........Welding
resortes..........springs
cadena............chain
rodillo...........Roller
leva..............leva
remache........... Rivet
muelle............pier
REPORTES PRIMER DEPARTAMENTAL (1)
REPORT 1
WHAT? WHY? HOW?
Idiomatic Iis to make My mom is
future : plans going to
antentions visit her
Logical friend
assumptions
arrangements
COGNATES:This are words identical:
related to other bar
langoages.they are true:
kinds text
identical false:
true cellar
false
Contractios; are the i`m you`ll
union of wanna gotta
2 words it could cuz cause
be:
pronoun auxilar
verb to words
reading are ways to skimming
strategies: under stand scaning
the next ideas itensive
extensive
reading
REPORT 2
Comparatives: S+than+C. Fernado is
biger than
luis
superlatives:S+the+A. carlos is
the bigest
As...As AS+AS cat as fast as dog
pronouns person I`m student
adjetives Her is teacher
possesives she loves your
relatives
demostratives
reflexives
REPORTES PRIMER DEPARTAMENTAL (2)
REPORT 3
simple express habits he plays the
present and costums do-does guitar
S.+V.S.F.+C. the
saturdays
present express action I`m writing
continious specificmoment my
S.+aux+verb+C. homework
ing
simple did-do-does I drank soda
past S.+verb+C. in the party
past
continous was-wer luis was in the
past S.+was+C movies yesterday
wer
REPORT 4
REPASO DE LOS TEMAS ANTERIORES
simple express habits he plays the
present and costums do-does guitar
S.+V.S.F.+C. the
saturdays
present express action I`m writing
continious specificmoment my
S.+aux+verb+C. homework
ing
simple did-do-does I drank soda
past S.+verb+C. in the party
past
REPORT 5
future idiomatic I`m going to swim
future a cancun
S.+am+going to+VFS+C
is
are
gramatical she will run the
future saturdays
S.+will+VSF+C
present an action started I have
perfect in the past and grown
contimue in the three
present centimetres
S.+has+verbPP+C
have
time since*fechas,days,years
expression for *period of time
already+*I have already visit egypt
yet?-* have you finished yet?
just+* rafael has just arrived
never-* she has never been to vegas
ever?* have you ever swim nakect in the laki
REPORTES DEL SEGUNDO DEPARTAMENTAL
REPORT 1
WHAT? WHY? HOW?
possession:(do-does)have I have
a red car
(have-has)have go I have got
a red car
modal can lisa got tempe verbs: could ratur
should she should take
ought to some aspirins
have to
must
reflexive my self knives are
pronouns: your self dangerous
him self becouse children
her self might cut them
it self selves
their selves
our selves
REPORT 2
have to we use have to You must
must/nt: to express rule wear a
obligation or sealbelt
duty
we use must/nt You aren`t
to express very a llowed
strong advice to
must can only be
used in the present
tense
houns cuantifers: contable
contables we can the 1)one egg,
uncontables: folliwing two egg
houns beter 2)cheese
uncontable butter
houns to show salt
quiatify conutable 3)a botle
nouns are nouns of coke
when we can count
they have singular
and plural forms
un contable nouns
which we camnot count
uncontable nouns have
only singular forms
include:food liquid
REPORT 3
Conditional: type zero I mix
cause y effect yellow
if+SPresent+Spresent whit blue
I gret
green
type 1 if study,you l
cause y result will pass the
if+Spast+will+VSF exam
type 2 If I studied
unreal present(hipotesis) I would
If+SPast+would+VSF pass the
could subject
migh
type 3 If I hadn`t
unreal past he would have
if+PP+would+PP destroyed my
could car
might
possive Obj+verb.past+ the house
voice: over participle+ is cleaned
complement aux
the house
we form the passive was
whit the verb to cleaned
be and the past
participle of
the main verb
REPORTES DEL TERCER DAPARTAMENTAL
REPORT 1
WHAT? WHY? HOW?
SAY: to express an Carlos me
opinion
to
tell: always whith an I love you
object
objective
pronouns
tell me
you
a lie
the truht
a joke
gosseps
a study
verb ing: like I`m a loving
love my family
hote
doesn`t
don`t like
think uf
stop
ENGLISH CLASS
English report
Name> Diaz Mendez Karla Patricia
Date> August /11 -15 / 2008
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
simple past express actions that are finished
took place in the past.
exampl. i went to last japan vacation of 2008
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
verb to be give idea in present that what
somebody is.
exampl.you are pretty
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
simple present express habits and costoums when
having 3 person we add an "s" to verb a does to auxilliary.
exampl.i know something about you
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ENGLISH CLASS 1
Date>18-22/August/2008
Name>Diaz Mendez Karla Patricia
Group>31ME
-----------------------------------
Adjetives
ed or ing verb of termination in ed or ing to senteces
ed---->for persons
ing---->for actions an things
exampl. She is fasinated by the movie
The hause is fasciniting
-----------------------------------simple present
^_^+verb+compl.
^_^+dont /doesnt+verb simple form+compl.
express habits and costums
exampl. i run in the street
i dont eat in my house
-----------------------------------
time expresions
to simple present and present continuos express time of the actions
.sometimes
never
frequently
always
seldom
everyday
often
twince
usually
rarely
exampl. im never kissed a dog
-----------------------------------
ENGLISH CLASS 2
date>4-8/august/2008
name>diaz mendez karla patricia
group>31ME
-----------------------------------
relative pronouns
whom
who
whose
which
ramarcates the subject without mencione it again.
exampl. johnny deep whom admire ,was Mr. neightboard
-----------------------------------
adjetives
qualifying
comparatives
superlativese
quality
we divide them in long,short,irregulars
exampl. i am tall
I am taller than you
I am the tallest in the school
I am as tall as you
-----------------------------------
reflexive pronouns
myself,yourself,himself,herself,ifself,yourselves,theirselves,ourselves
express that an action was done specify by someone who didnt pay for help
exampl. i wrote my essay by myself
-----------------------------------
adjetives pronouns
my,his,your,her,your,our,their
they indicate he possession of someone
exampl. the race is your regard.
-----------------------------------
adjetive pronouns
me,you,him,her,it,you,us,them
exclude the subjects and recive the actions of the verbs
exampl. make him think
-----------------------------------
demostrative pronouns
this,that,these,those
exclude the subject and indicate the place
exampl.that is my dog.
-----------------------------------
posessive pronouns
mine,yours,his,her,its,ours,yours,theirs
indicate the possession of some one and are colocated in the ending of the clause,
exampl.the race is all yours.
-----------------------------------
ENGLISH REPORT 4
date> 15-19/september/2008
name>Diaz Mendez Karla Patricia
group>31ME
-----------------------------------
How much how many
we use how much and huw many in questions.we use how much with un countable houns and how many with countable nouns in the plural.
exampl.how much lemonade have you had?
-----------------------------------
A few
we use few(not many) a few(some, a small number)with countable nouno in the plural.
exampl.
we've got few apples
we need to buy some
-----------------------------------
A little
We use little(not much)a little(some, a small amount) with unicountable nouns
exampl.
you must be quik
you have little time
-----------------------------------
ENGLISH REPORT 5
Date>6-10/october/2008
Name>Diaz Mendez Karla Patricia.
group>31ME
-----------------------------------
CONDICIONALS
TYPE0
TYPE1
TYPE 2
TYPE 3
if+present. simpl- future simpl.
if+present.simpl.imperative
if+present.simple+can \must\+may\etc.
bare infinitive
if you work hard i you'\\wake it
if you see him,gire my regards
if you want,you may leave
we use type1 conditionals to express a real or very probable situacion in the present or the future
if John studies in the present or the future
-----------------------------------
Passive
we form the passive with the verb to be and the past participle of the main verb
present S. am\is\are+past p.
past S.was\were+past p.
the hause is cleaned
the hause was cleaned.\
-----------------------------------
some, any,a,.an a lot. of.much,many,a few,a little
we use some in the affirmative with either countable nouns in the plural or uncantable nouns
we need some strawberries and some milk
we use any in the negative and the interrogativeb with countable nouns
there isn't any bread left
we use a\an in all forms (afirmative,negative and interrogative) with coither countable nouns in the plural or uncountable nouns
she ha got a lot of books
We usually use much and many in the negative and the interrogative we use much with uncountable nouns and many with plural countable nouns
i don't drint much coffee
ENGLISH REPORT 6
date>22-26/september/2008
name>Diaz Mendez Karla Patricia
group>31ME
-----------------------------------
reflexive pronouns
myself
yourself
himself
herself
itself
theirselves
ourselves
helps to avoid the repetitive sentences
he use the reflexive pronouns when the subject of the sentence acts and the result of his/her/its action affects him/her/it.
exampl.
knives are dangerous because children might cut themselves
how did Mary burn herself?
-----------------------------------
modal verbs
can
could
should
ought to
have to
must
express formal way in the sentences
exampl. she should take some aspirins.
-----------------------------------
Active Voice
In sentences written in active voice, the subject performs the action expressed in the verb; the subject acts.
exampl.active voice.The dispatcher is notifying police that three prisoners have escaped.
Police are being notified that three prisoners have escaped
ENGLISH REPORT 7
date>29 september-3 ostober/2008
name>Diaz Mendez Karla Patricia
group>31ME
-----------------------------------
heve t0------->must/nt
we use must/nt to express a rule,obligation or duty.
we use mustnt to express prohibition.
we use must/nt to express very strong advice.
must can only be used in the present tense .
we use have to .to form all the other tenses.
you must wear a sea belt
you arent allowed to
its very important that you tell the truth.
-----------------------------------
nouns
contables
uncontables
quantifiers-we can the following nouns before uncountables nouns the show quiatify.
countable -nouns are nouns which we can count.they have singular and plural forms.
uncountable-nouns are nouns which we cannot count .uncountable nouns have only singular forms include>food and liquids.
countable
one egg, two egg,etc
uncountable
cheese,butter,salt
ENGLISH REPORT 8
say
to express an opinion
to ---->carlos me
tell
always with an object
objetive pronouns
tell
me
you
a lie
the truth
a soke
gosseps
a story
would you like +noun /to dance (in infinitive
REPORTES DEL PRIMER DEPARTAMENTAL
Repoter number:1 August 11th , 2008
What?
Idiomatic Future (going to)
Why?
Utilize for:
Plans
Intentions
Logical
Arrangements
How?
I’m going to sleep in the night.
I’m going to eat after the school.
The cat is going to rest.
I’m going to call my friend.
What?
Cognates
Why?
Son palabras similares al español y pueden ser:
Falsas
Verdadera
Idénticas
How?
Introduce, parents, translate, date, ballon.
Family, copy, text, guitar, class, evaluation
Chocolate, metal, plan, hotel, bar, hospital.
What?
Contractions
Why?
Diminish words or pronouns
How?
I am very happy
I’m very happy
You are a going to rock star
You’re gonna a rock star
What?
Reading strategies
Why?
Son técnicas para facilitar la lectura y encontrar datos solicitados fácilmente.
Y pueden ser:
Skimming
Scanning
Intensive reading
Extensive reading
How?
Fast reading to get to general information.
Search specific information.
To get to general information (short texts).
To get the complete information (long texts).
What?
Prefixes and suffixes
Why?
Silabas que se agregan al inicio o al término de alguna palabra para darle más o menos énfasis.
Prefixes Word
ex president
im posible
What?
Nouns and adverbs
Why?
Se emplea para modificar una palabra con la misma derivación
How?
Nouns Adjectives
happyness Happy
deepness Deep
madness Mad
What?
Pronouns
Why?
Sustituir el nombre de la persona por alguno de estos pronombres. Los pronombre se clasifican en:
Personal
Adjectives
Objectives
Possesives
Relatives
Demostratives
Reflexives
How?
They are four people in the car.
Her name is Ale.
I love me.
This airplane is mine.
The man who sold the world.
That is a dog.
What?
Adjectives
Why?
Palabras que califican a una acción u objeto y pueden ser:
Qualifiying
Comparatives
Superlatives
Equallity
How?
The communication book is expensive; the chemist book is more expensive than communication book, because the book English is the most expensive.
She as beautiful as me.
Reporter number: 2
August 18th, 2008
What?
Simple present
Why?
Express habits, costums, rutines & permanentes status.
Auxiliary it's do/does
:)+auxiliary+verb+complement.
How?
She eats at 5am every day.
We live in Coacalco.
I´m whas the car every Wednesday.
What?
Past simple of the verb to be
Why?
Use for actions which happened at the specific time in the past & past habits.
The auxiliary is was/were
The form is:
:)+auxiliary+verb+complement.
How?
Were they in airport at 6 pm?
You was rest in the sofa.
My father was wathed the TV.
Its wasn't in the box.
What?
Pas simple of regulars & irregulars verbs.
Why?
Use for:
-Express finished actions.
-Actions complet in the past.
-Actions which happened at the specific moment in the past-
-Past habits.
The auxiliary is DID by all.
The form is:
:)+past form of the past+complement.
How?
Did we visit in y birthday?
She sweeps all the house.
Emily bougth the present for my.
What?
Participles (Adjectives)
Why?
A participle is a verb form which can be used as an adjective to
describe a noun.
. When the present participle (-ing from) is used, the noun it describes the performer of the activity named by the participle.
-When the past participle (-ed, -en form) is used, the noun it describes is acted upon.
Reperter number: 3
August 25th, 2008
What?
Simple Present
How?
Express habits and costumes.
The auxiliary is: Do & does
Use time expressions: sometimes, never, rarely, seldom, often, usually, frequently, twice, every…
The form is:
+ Subject + verb simple form+ complement.
- Subject +auxiliary+ verb simple+ complement.
? Auxiliary +subject+ verb simple+ complement.
How?
We run in the competition.
I don´t eat in the school.
Do you smell the cake?
What?
Present continuous
Why?
Express action in a specific moment.
The auxiliary is: am, is, are.
The form is:
+ person+ auxiliary+ verb ing+ complement.
-person+ negative auxiliary +verb ing +complement.
? Auxiliary +person +verb ing +complement.
How?
I’m doing my homework
You aren’t helping
Is she cooking bread?
What?
Past continuous
Why?
Express actions in a specific moment in the past.
The form is:
+ person +auxiliary+ verb ing
Reporter number:4
September 1st, 2008
What?
Expressions
Why?
Use for express any emotions like sadness, happyness, angrer, surprice....
How?
Crash my car? Don't ask¡
Oh dear¡
That's bad¡
Is a neigtmare¡
What?
Situation to describe
What?
Idiomatic future
How?
Plans, intentions, logical assumtions, arrangements, inmediatly future.
Use going to, the form is:
(+) Am, is, are+:)+going to+ compl.
(-):)+ am, is, are+not+going to+com
(?)am, is,are+:)going to+VSF+compl.
How?
I´m going to my mother after the school.
They aren't going to the travel
Are we going to eat in restaurant?
What?
Gramatical future
Why? Use for promises, predictions, faraway future, to make destion in the moment of speaking.
The auxiliary is: WILL by all forms
The forms is:
(+) :)+will+ VSF+complement.
(-) :)+will+not+VSF+complemet.
(?) will+:)+VSF+complement+?.
How?
She will sejj the new car.
He will not sing in my party.
Will they build my home?
REPORTES DEL SEGUNDO DEPARTAMENTAL
Reporter:5
September 8th, 2008
What?
Presnt perfect
Why?
An action started in the past an continue in the present.
Use words:
SINCE,FOR, ALREADY (+), YET (?/-), JUST (+), NEVER (-), EVER (?).
The form is:
(+):)+have, has+ VPP+complement.
(-):)+have,has+not+VPP+ complement
(?)has, have+:)+VPP+ complement+?
How?
Emmanuel has studied english since 2006.
Has you written the book?
We already tlaveled Huatulco.
Alejandra hasn't flown to Millan.
We have never driven to Mexico?
Have I ever run?
What?
Either and neither
Why?
Either and Neither are used with an auxiliary or modal verb to express agreement in the negative.Either is used with a negative verb; Neither is used with an affirmative verb.
How?
She can't swim and I can't swim.
She can't swim and I can't either.
She can't swim and neither can I.
Reporter: 6
September 22nd, 2008
What?
Tag questions or tag endings
Why?
We use tag questions at the end of statements to ask for confirmation.
The form is:
Positive statement,
negative tag?
Negative statement,
positive tag?
How?
He is a busy man, isn't he?
They aren't good friends, are they?
What?
Past coninuous
Why?
Use for:
An action which was in progress at the stated time in the past.
For a past action which was in progress when another action iterruped.
For two or more actions which were happening at the same time in the past.
The form is:
:)+was, were+ verb ing+ complement
How?
David was reading the newspaper while Carla was watching TV.
She was cooking dinner when the doorbell rang.
What?
Present perfect simple.
Why?
We use the present perfect simple for:
Arecent action wich happened at an unstates time ein the past.
An action started in the past and is still continuing in the present.
An action finished an whose results are visible in the present.
How?
Mary has just moved into a new house.
I have walked to the school.
The chocolate cake he has made is on the table.
Report: 7
September 29th, 2008
What?
Present perfect continous.
Why?
Put emphasis on the duration of an action started in the past and continous in the present.
How?
I have been shoting.
She has been eatin chcolate all morning.
What?
Possession
Why?
Have (do/does)
Have got (have/has)
How?
I have a pink drees.
I don't have a pink drees.
I have got a pink drees.
I haven't got a pink drees.
Report: 8
November 6th, 2008
What?
Modal verbs
Why?
Can -------puedo
Could------podrias
Should-----deberias(E.U.)suggestion
Ought to---deberias(U.K.)suggestion
Have to----tienes que obligation
Must-------debes strong obligation
How?
You mustn't parking any time.
She should see a doctor.
He have to drink whater.
What?
Advices
Why?
Sentenses for recomendations and advices.
How?
You shoudn't leave opened hot ovens to the children because they might get cut.
You mustn't cut the trees and plants.
WHAT? WHY? HOW?
Contractions
Sirve para contraer palabras, para no escribirlas todas completas o no escribir. I am - I´m
Do not - don´t
Preffixes and sufíes
Sirven para cambiar el significado de las palabras, los prefijos son los que van antes de la palabra y los sufijos van despues. Im-possible-ly
Happy-ly
Pronuns
Hay distintos tipos de pronombres los cuales son: personal, adjetives, objetives, possessive, relatives, demostratives y reflexives.
Cada uno tiene una funcion distinta porque como lo dicen son para indicar la posesion de alguna cosa, otros se refieren a ti, etc. I, you, he, she, it, you, we, they.
My, your, his, her, its, your, our, their.
Me, you, him, her, it, you, us, them.
Mine, yours, his, her, its, yours, ours, theirs.
Who, whom, whose, which.
This, that, these, those.
My self, your self, herself, himself, itself, yourselves.
Adjetives
Existen varios tipos de adjetivos, se encuentran los qualiflying, comparatives, superlatives, equality.
Cada uno se refiere a calificar algo o a alguien pero unos son par describir, otros son para comparar, otros indican igualdad y otros son para decir quien o que es. Tall - taller - tallest - as tall as
Reading strategies
Skiming: Es una lectura rapida para una idea general de la informacion.
Scanning: Buscar la información especifica.
Intensive reading: Tener la idea general de textos cortos.
Verb to be
Significa ser o estar, se ocupa con r¡este verbo now, today, etc. Como times expresions puesto que estas indican que se esta hablando de presente. Su formula para hacer oraciones es:
Subject+ am/is/are+ complement She is beutiful
She isn´t beutiful
Is she beautiful?
Do/does
Este auxiliar se ocupa para todos los verbos excepto para el verbo to be cuando se quiere hablar en presente, expresa habitos y costumbres. Una regla gramatical es que cuando se conjuga el verbo en tercera persona se le agrega una “s” al final del afirmativo. “Does” se ocupa con he, she, it y con todos los demas se ocupa “do”. Su formula gramatical es:
Subject+ verb+ complement He plays the piano
He doesn´t play the piano
Does he play the piano?
Verb to be (past)
El auxiliar del verbo to be para hablar en pasado es “was/were” y se ocupa yesterday, last holiday, last year, etc. Como time expresions para saber que se esta hablando del pasado. Su formula gramatical es:
Subject+ was/were+ complement. Jonathan was in the movies yesterday.
He wasn´t in the movies yesterday.
Was he in the movies yesterday?
Simple past
Este auxiliar expresa acciones determinadas, pasadas y se utiliza con todos los verbos excepto to be. El auxiliar que se ocupa es “did” para todos los sustantivos.
Su formula gramtical es:
Subject+ verb+ complement Alan watched TV on saturday.
Alan didn´t watch TV on saturday.
Did Alan watch TV on saturday?
Participles
Los adjetivos con terminación “ed” son para calificar y describir a personas. Los adjetivos con terminacion “ing” son para calificar o describir cosas, lugares, etc. Amusing/ amused
Excited/ exciting
Tired/ tiring
Used to
Significa solia, su formula es:
Used to+ verb en simple form + complement. Rafael used to drink milk every time.
Present continuos
Expresa acciones que se estan realizando en este preciso momento. Su auxiliar es am, is, are. Se usa el now, rightnow, a this momento como time expresions en este tiempo.
Su forma gramatical es: subject + aux.+ verb Brian is studing in the school.
Brian isn´t studing in the school.
Is Brian studing in the school?
Past continuos
Expresa acciones pasadas que ocurrieron en un especifico momento. Su auxiliar es was/were. Su forma gramatical es:
Subject+ was/were+ verb ing+ complement He was sleeping in the night.
He wasn´t sleeping in the night.
Idiomatic future
Es el “going to” y ese sirve para hablar de planes o cosas del futuro pero de un futuro inmediato y que se sabe con certeza que van a suceder las cosas.
Su forma gramatical es:
Subject+ am/is/are+ going to+ verb simple form + complemento I am going to dance in the party in the night.
I am not going to dance in the party in the night
Gramatical future
Es el auxiliar “will” y ese se ocupa para promesas, predicciones, para hablar de futuro lejano y no es con certeza. Su forma gramatical es:
Subject+ will+ verb simple form+ complemento. I will dance in my bridal.
I won´t dance in my bridal.
Will I dance in my bridal?
Present perfect
Es para acciones que pasaron en el futuro y que siguen pasando en el presente. Sus time expresions son: for, since,already, yet, just, never, ever.
Su forma gramatical es: subject+ have/has+ verb past participle+ complement. I have already finí sed my homework.
Karen hasn´t eaten for 3 hours.
Time expressions of present perfect
For: es para periodos del tiempo.
Since: fechas, dias, meses especificos.
Already: Significa “ya” y se utiliza en oraciones positivas.
Yet: Significa “aun” o “todavía no” se ocupa en oraciones negativas y de interrogacion. Brian has just CUT the paper.
Have you ever cooked mole?
I hasn´t kissed to my boyfriend since june of 2007.
Neither and either
Neither significa tampoco.
Either significa tambien. I haven´t finí sed it neither.
Have you finished yet?
Tag questions
Son las preguntas u oraciones que se hacen y que siempre terminan en si o no ejemplo: ¿tu eres mi alumno, o no?
Para este ti`po de oraciones se pueden ocupar todos los auxiliares (do, does, did, have, has, will, going to) y los modal verbs (can, could, should, may, have to, must, etc) Are you Rafael, aren´t you?
It was also heavy yesterday, wasn´t it?
Posession
Sirve para decir que tenemos algo.
(Do/ does)- have
Have got I have a red car
I have got a red car
Modal verbs
Sirven para hacer oraciones y se ocupan de acuerdo a lo que quieres expresar o la forma a la que quieres expresar algo. Can, could, should, ought to, have to, must. Lisa´s should take on aspirin and should stay in the bed.
Bill´s must stay in doors.
Interjection
Sirven para expresarte de forma imperativa o de impresión. Oh my god!
Yeah, yeah!
Dear me!
Nouns contables and uncontables
Las cosa se pueden contar o no contar y eso lo podemos saber con este tema. Para hablar de cosas contables se ocupa el “many” y para las cosas incontables se utiliza el “much” Fruits, animals, people, coins, etc
Water, sugar, salt, coffee, etc.
May and might
Sirve para pedir permiso para hacer algo.
May se refiere cuando tienes un 50% de posibilidad mientras que might tiene una posibilidad del 85%. Knives are dangerous because children might cut them selves.
Infinitives
Expresan propuestas
To + verb simple forrm I study to learn
I am careful to prevent accidents.
Passive voice
Sirven para hablar de las cosas.
obj.+verb to be aux.+ complement
Jordy writes the report
The report is written by Jordy.
Conditionals
Hay varios tipos de condiciones y cada una expresa algo distinto.
Tipo cero: es para causa y efecto
If+ simple present +simple present
Tipo 1: es para causa y resultado
If+simple present+will+simple form verb
Tipo 2: Algo en presente pero que no es real esto habla de hipótesis
If + simple past + would/ could/ might + verb simple form
Tipo 3: se ocupa para hablar de cosas que no fueron reales ( pasado)
If + past perfect + would/ could/ might + present perfect If I mix yellow with blue, I get green.
If study, you will pass the exam
If I were you, I would pay attention
If I hadn´t invited him, he wouldn´t have destroyed my car.
Miguel Angel Uribe Martinez.
----------------------------------------------------------------
Adjetives
ed or ing verb of termination in ed or ing to senteces
ed---->for persons
ing---->for actions an things
exampl. She is fasinated by the movie
The hause is fasciniting
------------------------------------------------------------------------
simple present
^_^+verb+compl.
^_^+dont /doesnt+verb simple form+compl.
express habits and costums
exampl. i run in the street
i dont eat in my house
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
time expresions
to simple present and present continuos express time of the actions
.sometimes
never
frequently
always
seldom
everyday
often
twince
usually
rarely
exampl. im never kissed a dog
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
relative pronouns
whom
who
whose
which
ramarcates the subject without mencione it again.
exampl. johnny deep whom admire ,was Mr. neightboard
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
adjetives
qualifying
comparatives
superlativese
quality
we divide them in long,short,irregulars
exampl. i am tall
I am taller than you
I am the tallest in the school
I am as tall as you
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
reflexive pronouns
myself,yourself,himself,herself,ifself,yourselves,theirselves,ourselves
express that an action was done specify by someone who didnt pay for help
exampl. i wrote my essay by myself
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
adjetives pronouns
my,his,your,her,your,our,their
they indicate he possession of someone
exampl. the race is your regard.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
adjetive pronouns
me,you,him,her,it,you,us,them
exclude the subjects and recive the actions of the verbs
exampl. make him think
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
demostrative pronouns
this,that,these,those
exclude the subject and indicate the place
exampl.that is my dog.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
posessive pronouns
mine,yours,his,her,its,ours,yours,theirs
indicate the possession of some one and are colocated in the ending of the clause,
exampl.the race is all yours
---------
How much how many
we use how much and huw many in questions.we use how much with un countable houns and how many with countable nouns in the plural.
exampl.how much lemonade have you had?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A few
we use few(not many) a few(some, a small number)with countable nouno in the plural.
exampl.
we've got few apples
we need to buy some
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A little
We use little(not much)a little(some, a small amount) with unicountable nouns
exampl.
you must be quik
you have little time
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CONDICIONALS
TYPE0
TYPE1
TYPE 2
TYPE 3
if+present. simpl- future simpl.
if+present.simpl.imperative
if+present.simple+can \must\+may\etc.
bare infinitive
if you work hard i you'\\wake it
if you see him,gire my regards
if you want,you may leave
we use type1 conditionals to express a real or very probable situacion in the present or the future
if John studies in the present or the future
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Passive
we form the passive with the verb to be and the past participle of the main verb
present S. am\is\are+past p.
past S.was\were+past p.
the hause is cleaned
the hause was cleaned.\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
some, any,a,.an a lot. of.much,many,a few,a little
we use some in the affirmative with either countable nouns in the plural or uncantable nouns
we need some strawberries and some milk
we use any in the negative and the interrogativeb with countable nouns
there isn't any bread left
we use a\an in all forms (afirmative,negative and interrogative) with coither countable nouns in the plural or uncountable nouns
she ha got a lot of books
We usually use much and many in the negative and the interrogative we use much with uncountable nouns and many with plural countable nouns
i don't drint much coffee
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
reflexive pronouns
myself
yourself
himself
herself
itself
theirselves
ourselves
helps to avoid the repetitive sentences
he use the reflexive pronouns when the subject of the sentence acts and the result of his/her/its action affects him/her/it.
exampl.
knives are dangerous because children might cut themselves
how did Mary burn herself?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
modal verbs
can
could
should
ought to
have to
must
express formal way in the sentences
exampl. she should take some aspirins.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Active Voice
In sentences written in active voice, the subject performs the action expressed in the verb; the subject acts.
exampl.active voice.The dispatcher is notifying police that three prisoners have escaped.
Police are being notified that three prisoners have escaped
heve t0------->must/nt
we use must/nt to express a rule,obligation or duty.
we use mustnt to express prohibition.
we use must/nt to express very strong advice.
must can only be used in the present tense .
we use have to .to form all the other tenses.
you must wear a sea belt
you arent allowed to
its very important that you tell the truth.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nouns
contables
uncontables
quantifiers-we can the following nouns before uncountables nouns the show quiatify.
countable -nouns are nouns which we can count.they have singular and plural forms.
uncountable-nouns are nouns which we cannot count .uncountable nouns have only singular forms include>food and liquids.
countable
one egg, two egg,etc
uncountable
cheese,butter,salt.
Farelas Aguilar Christian
Report classroom
What?
Idiomatic Future (going to)
Why?
Express:
Plans
Intentions
Logical
Arrangements
How?
I’m going to sleep in the night.
I’m going to eat after the school.
The cat is going to rest.
What?
Reading strategies
Why?
Son técnicas para facilitar la lectura y encontrar datos solicitados fácilmente.
Tecnic´s:
Skimming
Scanning
Intensive reading
Extensive reading
How?
Fast reading to get to general information.
Search specific information.
To get to general information (short texts).
To get the complete information (long texts).
What?
Prefixes and suffixes
Why?
Silabas que se agregan al inicio o al término de alguna palabra para darle más o menos énfasis.
Prefixes Word
expresident
imposible
What?
Nouns and adverbs
Why?
Se emplea para modificar una palabra con la misma derivación
How?
Nouns Adjectives
happyness Happy
deepness Deep
madness Mad
What?
Pronouns
Why?
Sustituir el nombre de la persona por alguno de estos pronombres. Los pronombre se clasifican en:
Personal
Adjectives
Objectives
Possesives
Relatives
Demostratives
Reflexives
How?
They are four people in the car.
Her name is Ale.
I love me.
This airplane is mine.
The man who sold the world.
That is a dog.
What?
Adjectives
Why?
Palabras que califican a una acción u objeto y pueden ser:
Qualifiying
Comparatives
Superlatives
Equallity
How?
The communication book is expensive; the chemist book is more expensive than communication book, because the book English is the most expensive.
She as beautiful as me.
What?
Cognates
Why?
Son palabras similares al español y pueden ser:
Falsas
Verdadera
Idénticas
How?
Introduce, parents, translate, date, balloon.
Family, copy, text, guitar, class, evaluation
What?
Contractions
Why?
Diminish words or pronouns
How?
I am very happy
I’m very happy
You are a going to rock star
You’re gonna a rock star
What?
Simple present
Why?
Express habits, costums, rutines & permanentes status.
Auxiliary it's do/does
:)+auxiliar+verb+complement.
How?
He plays the video games.
He doesn´t play the video games.
Does he play the video games?
What?
Past simple
Why?
Use for actions which happened at the specific time in the past & past habits.
The auxiliary is was/were
The form is:
:)+auxiliar+verb+complement.
How?
Were they in airport at 6 pm?
You was rest in the sofa.
What?
Past simple (regulars & irregulars verbs)
Why?
Use for:
Express finished actions.
Actions complet in the past.
Actions which happened at the specific moment in the past-
Past habits.
The auxiliary is DID by all.
The form is:
:)+past form +complement.
How?
He played soccer Thursday.
He didn´t play soccer on Thursday.
Did he play soccer on Thursday?
What?
Participles (Adjectives)
Why?
A participle is a verb form which can be used as an adjective to
describe a noun.
When the present participle (-ing from) is used, the noun it describes the performer of the activity named by the participle.
When the past participle (-ed, -en form) is used, the noun it describes is acted upon.
What?
Present continuous
Why?
Express action in a specific moment.
The auxiliary is: am, is, are.
The form is:
+ person+ auxiliar+ verb ing+ complement.
-person+ negative auxiliar +verb ing +complement.
? Auxiliar +person +verb ing +complement.
How?
I’m doing my homework
You aren’t helping
Is she cooking bread?
What?
Past continuous
Why?
Express actions in a specific moment in the past.
The form is:
+ person +auxiliary+ verb ing
What?
Simple Present
How?
Express habits and costumes.
The auxiliary is: Do & does
Use time expressions: sometimes, never, rarely, seldom, often, usually, frequently, twice, every…
The form is:
+ Subject + verb simple form+ complement.
- Subject +auxiliary+ verb simple+ complement.
? Auxiliary +subject+ verb simple+ complement.
How?
We run in the competition.
I don´t eat in the school.
Do you smell the cake?
What?
Gramatical future
Why?
Use for promises, predictions, faraway future, to make destion in the moment of speaking.
The auxiliary is: WILL by all forms
The forms is:
(+) :)+will+ VSF+complement.
(-) :) +will+not+VSF+complemet.
(?) Will+VSF+complement+?.
How?
She will sejj the new car.
He will not sing in my party.
Will they build my home?
What?
Expressions
Why?
Use for express any emotions like sadness, happyness, angrer, surprice....
How?
Crash my car? Don't ask¡
Oh dear¡
That's bad¡
Is a neigtmare¡
What?
Present perfect
Why?
An action started in the past an continue in the present.
Use words:
SINCE,FOR, ALREADY (+), YET (?/-), JUST (+), NEVER (-), EVER (?).
The form is:
(+):)+have, has+ VPP+complement.
(-):)+have,has+not+VPP+ complement
(?)has, have+:)+VPP+ complement+?
How?
Carlos has studied english since 2006.
Has you written the book?
We already tlaveled Acapulco.
What?
Either and neither
Why?
Either and Neither are used with an auxiliary or modal verb to express agreement in the negative.
Either is used with a negative verb; Neither is used with an affirmative verb.
How?
She can't swim and I can't swim.
She can't swim and I can't either.
She can't swim and neither can I.
What?
Present perfect simple.
Why?
We use the present perfect simple for:
Arecent action wich happened at an unstates time ein the past.
An action started in the past and is still continuing in the present.
An action finished an whose results are visible in the present.
How?
Mary has just moved into a new house.
I have walked to the school.
The chocolate cake he has made is on the table.
What?
Past coninuous
Why?
Use for:
An action which was in progress at the stated time in the past.
For a past action which was in progress when another action iterruped.
For two or more actions which were happening at the same time in the past.
The form is:
:)+was, were+ verb ing+ complement
How?
David was reading the newspaper while Carla was watching TV.
She was cooking dinner when the doorbell rang.
What?
Tag questions or tag endings
Why?
We use tag questions at the end of statements to ask for confirmation.
The form is:
Positive statement,
negative tag?
Negative statement,
positive tag?
How?
He is a busy man, isn't he?
They aren't good friends, are they?
What?
Present perfect continous.
Why?
Put emphasis on the duration of an action started in the past and continous in the present.
How?
I have been shoting.
She has been eatin chcolate all morning.
What?
Modal verbs
Why?
Can-puedo
Could-podrias
Should-deberias(E.U.)suggestion
Ought to-deberias(U.K.)suggestion
Have to-tienes que obligation
Must-debes strong obligation
How?
You mustn't park any time.
She should see a doctor.
He has to drink water.
What?
Advices
Why?
Sentences for recommendations and advices.
How?
You shoudn't leave opened hot ovens to the children because they might get cut.
You mustn't cut the trees and plants.
What?
Possession
Why?
Have (do/does)
Have got (have/has)
How?
I have a pink drees.
I haven't got a pink drees.
REPORTS
COGNANTES
True:family, bank, international, evolution, energy.
False:introduce, exited, traslate, souol
PRONOUNS
Personal:I, you, he, she, it, they, we, you.
Adjetives:my, your, his, her, its, their, our, your.
Objetives:me, you, him, her, it, them, us, you.
Possesives:mine, yours, his, hers, its, theirs, ours, yours.
Reflexives:myself, youself, himself, herself, itself, theirselves, ourselves, yourselves.
SIMPLE PRESENT
Expres habits and costums.
Do/Does.
(+)sujeto+verb simple+complement
(-)sujeto+don´t/doesn´t+verb simple+complement
(?)Do/Does+sujeto+verb simple+complement?
Timje expresions: sometimes, never, always, often, rarely, everyday.
PRESENT CONTINUES
Expresses action in a especific moment.
Aux:am, is, are
(+)sujeto+aux+verb ing+complement
(-)sujeto+aux negative+verb ing+complement
(?)aux+sujeto+verb ing+complement?
Time xpresions:now, a this moment, right now
SIMPLE PAST
aux: Did
Expresses finished actions
(+)sujeto +verb past+complement
(-)sujeto+didn´t+verb present+complment
(?)did+sujeto+verb present+complement?
Time expresions:yesterday
last week
last day
PAST CONTINIUS
aux:was/were
Expresses a action in the past in a specific moment
(+)sujeto+was/were+verb ing+complement
(-)sujeto+aux negative+verb ing+complement
(?)was/were+sujeto+verb ing+complement?
Time expresions:while, when
IDIOMATIC FUTURE
aux:going to
expresses plans, intentions, logical asimptions, arrangement
(+)sujeto+am, is, are+going to+verb simple+complment
(-)sujeto+am not,isn´t, aren´t+going to+verb simple+complement
(?)am, is, are+sujeto+going to+verb simple+complement?
GRAMATIC FUTURE
aux:will
expresses promises, predictions, futuro lejano
(+)sujeto+will+verb simple+complement
(-)sujeto+won´t+verb simple+complemento
(?)will+sujeto+verb simple+complement?
PRESENT PERFECT
Expresses an action that started in the past and continues in the present
aux:have, has
(+)sujeto+aux+verb past participie+complement
(-)sujeto+aux+not+verb past participie+complement
(?)aux+sijeto+verb past participie+complement
Time Expresions: sibce, for, already, yet, just, never, ever
PASSIVE VOICE
objet+verb to be aux+past participie verb+complement
CONDITIONAL
Type zero:cause and effect
IF+simple present+simple present
Type 1:cause and result
IF+simple present+will+verb normal form
Type 2:unreal present
IF+simple past+would, could, might+verb simple form
Type 3:unreal past
IF+past perfect+would+could+might+present perfect
SAY
to express an opinion
TELL
always with an objetc
objetive pronouns
MUST/MUSN´T
Must:debes
Musn´t:No debes
*have to- expresa un deber que no es obligatorio. You have to clean your romm
*must- expresa una obligacion que se debe llevara cabo de forma obligatoria. You must to buy a car.
*nouns contables- son los sustantivos que se pueden contar como los huevos, las salchichas, las vacas, etc.
*nouns uncontables-son los sustantivos que no se pueden contar , como el agua, el azucar, el cafe, etc.
*reflexive pronouns- estos son myself, yourself, himself, herself, itselft, ourselves, themselfs y se usan para indicar una accion echa por uno mismo. I cleaned the house by myself.
*modal verbs can, could, should, ought to- se usan para expresar sugerencias de una manera "formal" . He should clean his room.
*Condicionals
Type 0- if+simple present+context- future simpl. Expresa una causa y efecto (como en experimentos)
Type 1- if+simple present+will+verb in infinitive form. Expresa causa y resultado
Type 2- if+simple present+\would\could\might\+verb in simple form. Expresa una hipotesis
Type 3- if+past perfect+\would\could\might\+have+complement. ExpresaExpresa un pasado irreal
*How much- se usa para preguntar con sustantivos incontables
*How many- se usa para preguntar con sustantivos contables
*A few-many-any- se usan para indicar cantidad en sustantivos contables.
*Much-litle-some- se usan para indicar cantidad en sustantivos incontables.
*May- se usa para pedir permiso son una posibilidad del 50% que sea efectivo
*Might- se usa para pedir permiso son una posibilidad del 85% que sea efectivo
*Demostrative pronouns- se usan para indicar un objeto que esta a una cierta distancia.This,that,these,those
*Posessive pronouns- indican que un objeto es propiedad de un quien-mine,yours,his,her,its,ours,yours,theirs
*ING- significa ando, iendo, endo y se le agrega al final de los verbos. Estoy Jugando-I´m playing
*Going to- se usa para indicar promesas o cosas a realizar cercanas. I´m goint to buy a car
*Will- indica un futuro incierto. I will work
*Used to- seignifica solia, se usa para expresar acciones que se realizaban tiempo atras y ya no se hacen. I used to play soccer.
*Simple past- indica aciones termiandas. I worked
*Participios- son los verbos con terminacion edo, ido, ado, se usan comunmente en tiempos perfectos, aunque tiene otros usos.
*Present continuos- una accion que se esta llevando acabo. I´m woking
*Past continuos- expresa una accion que se estaba llevando a cabo. I was working.
*Present perfect- indica una accion que empezo en el pasado y continua en el presente. I have washed the dishes
*Since- expresa fechas especificas. I played soccer since 200
*For- indica periodos de tiempo como dias o meses
*Interjection- son expresiones de asombro, como: Oh, my God!, Ahh!, Ohhh!
*Passive voice- basicamente no importa quien lo hizo, sino que es lo que se hizo. obj+auxiliar verb "to be"+verb in participe form+complement.
*Alredy- significa ya y se usa antes del verbo principal y despues de formas del verbo be
*Yet- significa aun o todavia y se usa en oraciones negativas y en preguntas
*Say- se usa para expresar una opinion
*Tell- se usa siempre con un pronombre objetivo
Hola,
Escribe Luz. Mi correo es luzlic@hotmail.com
Para postear, lo haremos como entrada o como comentario?
Gracias.
Hi Luz, just the letters that are missing, please.
JORGE MAURICIO DIAZ BARRETO 1QBT1
Hello teacher...aqui esta mi trabajo
I like to burn in a day
I like getting up to go to school and do my homework exercises and have breakfast with my college buddies and chat with them and have fun.
I come home and eat but it's too late to do homework even so I hurry to have time out for me and my family
Sometimes I go to play football with my friends at my house until late
and finally I get home I eat dinner and go to sleep to rest after a very tiring day
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